Fear of Greek economical default and its after effects

Latest CNN News: Experts agree that it is almost certain that Greece is not able to pay all his debts. But if the country is not in default of payment, what happens next

Greek leaders are struggling to agree to a series of painful budget cuts, including layoffs and new fees to get the next round of cash bailout from its European partners. But Greece is in the midst of a painful recession, tax revenues and reduce feeding to deeper in the hole in the deficit.

And even if the Greek and European officials agree on measures to reduce the deficit, the bailout must lead to a gauntlet of 17 separate votes in European parliaments. Just last week sent the message that had the Austrian Parliament fails to set a timetable for a vote in European and U.S. markets fell sharply.

Meanwhile latest cnn news reported that, investors trading in credit default swaps, which essentially paris on whether there is a delay, prices are now almost A100% chance of default on debt Greek.

 

Errors could lead investors in Greece to escape the debt of other European economies in trouble, including Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Commercial investors in the credit default swaps are now placing the credit risk in these countries between 28% to 66%.

While Greece has only about 300.000.000.000 € (€ 411 billion) in outstanding debt, which are probably largely in the hands of European banks, all five countries by debt and is € 2.8 billion (3.8 trillion).

 

Spain and Italy are particularly worrying. When these failed states, the European authorities would not have enough money to bail out everyone.

 

"You can survive a failure of Greek. You can probably survive, if Portugal and Ireland to rise or fall," said Jay Bryson, international economist with Wells Fargo Securities. "But you are Italy and Spain, now we start talking about real money here. You can easily talk about depreciation of € 1000000000. It would be a disaster. "

 

While expecting some experts, it can cause a child to be adopted by default on the Greek debt that does not ripple proved by the financial system, the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008 already, that know no one can say what would be the impact of a failure.

 

"I do not know if 'default' is an oxymoron," said John Makin, Resident Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, a think tank. "It is a very difficult situation to control. We are more prepared this time, when we were in 2008. U.S. banks are better capitalized, so we should be able to avoid the seizure scenario. But it is still touch and go ".

<p style="text-align: justify;">And a wave of defaults European debt will turn Europe into a recession, what a hit U.S. economy already on the risk of falling into a recession ADouble.</p>

"European financial burden has clear implications for economic prospects outside the euro area," wrote Goldman Sachs economists in a note Monday "U.S. growth of three main channels may be affected: .. tightening of U.S. financial conditions, the availability decrease of credit and the weakness of U.S. exports "And even if the Greek and European officials agree on measures to reduce the deficit, the bailout must lead to a gauntlet of 17 separate votes in European parliaments. Just last week sent the message that had the Austrian Parliament fails to set a timetable for a vote in European and U.S. markets fell sharply. Meanwhile, investors trading in credit default swaps, which essentially paris on whether there is a delay, prices are now almost A100% chance of default on debt Greek. Errors could lead investors in Greece to escape the debt of other European economies in trouble, including Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Commercial investors in the credit default swaps are now placing the credit risk in these countries between 28% to 66%. While Greece has only about 300.000.000.000 € (€ 411 billion) in outstanding debt, which are probably largely in the hands of European banks, all five countries by debt and is € 2.8 billion (3.8 trillion). Spain and Italy are particularly worrying. When these failed states, the European authorities would not have enough money to bail out everyone. "You can survive a failure of Greek. You can probably survive, if Portugal and Ireland to rise or fall," said Jay Bryson, international economist with Wells Fargo Securities. "But you are Italy and Spain, now we start talking about real money here. You can easily talk about depreciation of € 1000000000. It would be a disaster. " While expecting some experts, it can cause a child to be adopted by default on the Greek debt that does not ripple proved by the financial system, the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008 already, that know no one can say what would be the impact of a failure. "I do not know if 'default' is an oxymoron," said John Makin, Resident Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, a think tank. "It is a very difficult situation to control. We are more prepared this time, when we were in 2008. U.S. banks are better capitalized, so we should be able to avoid the seizure scenario. But it is still touch and go ".

And a wave of defaults European debt will turn Europe into a recession, what a hit U.S. economy already on the risk of falling into a recession ADouble.

"European financial burden has clear implications for economic prospects outside the euro area," wrote Goldman Sachs economists in a note Monday "U.S. growth of three main channels may be affected: .. tightening of U.S. financial conditions, the availability decrease of credit and the weakness of U.S. exports "

Fear of Greek economical default and its after effects

Latest CNN News: Experts agree that it is almost certain that Greece is not able to pay all his debts. But if the country is not in default of payment, what happens next

Greek leaders are struggling to agree to a series of painful budget cuts, including layoffs and new fees to get the next round of cash bailout from its European partners. But Greece is in the midst of a painful recession, tax revenues and reduce feeding to deeper in the hole in the deficit.

And even if the Greek and European officials agree on measures to reduce the deficit, the bailout must lead to a gauntlet of 17 separate votes in European parliaments. Just last week sent the message that had the Austrian Parliament fails to set a timetable for a vote in European and U.S. markets fell sharply.

Meanwhile latest cnn news reported that, investors trading in credit default swaps, which essentially paris on whether there is a delay, prices are now almost A100% chance of default on debt Greek.

 

Errors could lead investors in Greece to escape the debt of other European economies in trouble, including Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Commercial investors in the credit default swaps are now placing the credit risk in these countries between 28% to 66%.

While Greece has only about 300.000.000.000 € (€ 411 billion) in outstanding debt, which are probably largely in the hands of European banks, all five countries by debt and is € 2.8 billion (3.8 trillion).

 

Spain and Italy are particularly worrying. When these failed states, the European authorities would not have enough money to bail out everyone.

 

"You can survive a failure of Greek. You can probably survive, if Portugal and Ireland to rise or fall," said Jay Bryson, international economist with Wells Fargo Securities. "But you are Italy and Spain, now we start talking about real money here. You can easily talk about depreciation of € 1000000000. It would be a disaster. "

 

While expecting some experts, it can cause a child to be adopted by default on the Greek debt that does not ripple proved by the financial system, the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008 already, that know no one can say what would be the impact of a failure.

 

"I do not know if 'default' is an oxymoron," said John Makin, Resident Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, a think tank. "It is a very difficult situation to control. We are more prepared this time, when we were in 2008. U.S. banks are better capitalized, so we should be able to avoid the seizure scenario. But it is still touch and go ".

<p style="text-align: justify;">And a wave of defaults European debt will turn Europe into a recession, what a hit U.S. economy already on the risk of falling into a recession ADouble.</p>

"European financial burden has clear implications for economic prospects outside the euro area," wrote Goldman Sachs economists in a note Monday "U.S. growth of three main channels may be affected: .. tightening of U.S. financial conditions, the availability decrease of credit and the weakness of U.S. exports "And even if the Greek and European officials agree on measures to reduce the deficit, the bailout must lead to a gauntlet of 17 separate votes in European parliaments. Just last week sent the message that had the Austrian Parliament fails to set a timetable for a vote in European and U.S. markets fell sharply. Meanwhile, investors trading in credit default swaps, which essentially paris on whether there is a delay, prices are now almost A100% chance of default on debt Greek. Errors could lead investors in Greece to escape the debt of other European economies in trouble, including Portugal, Ireland, Italy and Spain. Commercial investors in the credit default swaps are now placing the credit risk in these countries between 28% to 66%. While Greece has only about 300.000.000.000 € (€ 411 billion) in outstanding debt, which are probably largely in the hands of European banks, all five countries by debt and is € 2.8 billion (3.8 trillion). Spain and Italy are particularly worrying. When these failed states, the European authorities would not have enough money to bail out everyone. "You can survive a failure of Greek. You can probably survive, if Portugal and Ireland to rise or fall," said Jay Bryson, international economist with Wells Fargo Securities. "But you are Italy and Spain, now we start talking about real money here. You can easily talk about depreciation of € 1000000000. It would be a disaster. " While expecting some experts, it can cause a child to be adopted by default on the Greek debt that does not ripple proved by the financial system, the collapse of Lehman Brothers in 2008 already, that know no one can say what would be the impact of a failure. "I do not know if 'default' is an oxymoron," said John Makin, Resident Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, a think tank. "It is a very difficult situation to control. We are more prepared this time, when we were in 2008. U.S. banks are better capitalized, so we should be able to avoid the seizure scenario. But it is still touch and go ".

And a wave of defaults European debt will turn Europe into a recession, what a hit U.S. economy already on the risk of falling into a recession ADouble.

"European financial burden has clear implications for economic prospects outside the euro area," wrote Goldman Sachs economists in a note Monday "U.S. growth of three main channels may be affected: .. tightening of U.S. financial conditions, the availability decrease of credit and the weakness of U.S. exports "

Scarlet Fever: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Introduction:

Latest CNN News:Scarlet fever is a disease caused by exotoxin released by Streptococcus pyogenes. Once one of the leading causes of death, it is now effectively treated with antibiotics. The concept can be used interchangeably with scarlet fever scarlet fever, but it is often used for less severe form of scarlet fever, which is often since the beginning of the twentieth century give to see.

History: Husband and wife, Gladys Henry Dick, Dick, and George Frederick developed a vaccine in 1924, later in the shadow of penicillin in the 1940s.

Symptoms:

It is characterized by:

• neck pain • Fever • Tongue with a bright red "strawberry" appearance

• Characteristic rash, which:

o Is OK, red and rough, it whitens pressure.

o Appears 12-48 hours after the fever.

o Usually starts on the chest, armpits and behind the ears.

o Parts of the face (although some circumoral pallor is typical).

o Is worse in the folds of the skin, This Pastia that (which happens all the rash in the armpits and groin) and may be gone, even after the rash can be extended to cover the uvula

The rash begins to fade three to four days after onset and desquamation (peeling) begins. "This phase begins with flakes peeling from the face. Peeling from the palms and around the fingers occurs about a week later." Peeling also occurs in axilla, groin, and tips of the fingers and toes

Diagnosis:

The diagnosis of scarlet fever is clinical. Blood tests showed marked leukocytosis with neutrophilia and preserved or increased eosinophils, high sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (both signs of inflammation) and increased antistreptolysin O titers . Blood culture is rarely positive, but the streptococci can usually be detected in throat culture. Complications of scarlet fever, septic complications are due to streptococci in the blood and immune-mediated complications due to an aberrant immune response to propagate. Septic complications are rare today, ear and sinus infections, strep pneumonia, empyema thoracis, meningitis and sepsis, adult, where the condition is called malignant scarlet fever.

Immune complications include acute glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever and erythema nodosum. Disease or secondary school scarlatinal malignant syndrome of scarlet fever, the fever has renewed, renewed angina, septic complications of ear, nose and throat and kidney infection or rheumatic fever and is seen through the eighteenth day of untreated scarlet fever.

The rash is the most striking sign of scarlet fever. It usually starts like a bad sunburn with tiny bumps and may itch. The rash usually appears first on the neck and face, often leaving a clear zone around the mouth unchanged. It covers the chest and back, then the rest of the body. In the folds of the body, especially around the underarms and elbows, the rash forms classic red streaks (very dark skin, the bands are darker than the rest of the skin). Areas of rash usually turn white (or light brown, dark-skinned, solid lines), when pressed on. On the sixth day of infection, the rash usually disappears, but the affected skin begins to peel. Usually there are other symptoms to confirm the diagnosis of scarlet fever, including a red throat throat, fever greater than or equal to 101 ° F (38.3 C), and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Scarlet fever may also occur with low-grade fever. The tonsils and back of the throat may be covered with a whitish coating, or appear red, swollen, and dotted with whitish or yellowish pus. In the early stages of infection, the tongue with a whitish or yellowish. Furthermore, an infected person has chills, body aches, nausea, vomiting and anorexia.

When scarlet fever occurs because of a sore throat, fever typically stops within 3 to 5 days and the sore throat goes fast. The rash of scarlet fever usually disappears on the sixth day after sore throat symptoms began, and began to peel (as above). The infection itself is usually cured with a 10-day treatment with antibiotics, but it may take a few weeks for tonsils and swollen glands to return to normality.

In rare cases, scarlet fever from a streptococcal infection of the skin such as impetigo develop. In these cases, the person can not have a sore throat.

Treatment:

In a report latest cnn news reported that Unlike the incidence of diarrhea, treatment and evolution of scarlet fever indistinguishable from those of a sore throat. In the case of penicillin allergy, erythromycin or clindamycin can be used successfully. The patient should no longer take antibiotics for 24 hours infectious. People who were exposed to scarlet fever should be carefully monitored for a week for symptoms, especially when at the age of three young adults. It is very important to test (throat culture) and if positive, looking treatment.A resistant strain of scarlet fever in Hong Kong for at least two deaths in this city - the first of its kind in more a decade. The mutant bacterium is about 60% resistant to antibiotics, said Professor Yuen Kwok-yung, head of the University of Hong Kong Department of Microbiology. This is due to a strain early in the disease, compared showed a 10-30% resistance. This new strain may have spread to neighboring Macao and Mainland China.

Source:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarlet_fever

Scarlet Fever: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Introduction:

Latest CNN News:Scarlet fever is a disease caused by exotoxin released by Streptococcus pyogenes. Once one of the leading causes of death, it is now effectively treated with antibiotics. The concept can be used interchangeably with scarlet fever scarlet fever, but it is often used for less severe form of scarlet fever, which is often since the beginning of the twentieth century give to see.

History: Husband and wife, Gladys Henry Dick, Dick, and George Frederick developed a vaccine in 1924, later in the shadow of penicillin in the 1940s.

Symptoms:

It is characterized by:

• neck pain • Fever • Tongue with a bright red "strawberry" appearance

• Characteristic rash, which:

o Is OK, red and rough, it whitens pressure.

o Appears 12-48 hours after the fever.

o Usually starts on the chest, armpits and behind the ears.

o Parts of the face (although some circumoral pallor is typical).

o Is worse in the folds of the skin, This Pastia that (which happens all the rash in the armpits and groin) and may be gone, even after the rash can be extended to cover the uvula

The rash begins to fade three to four days after onset and desquamation (peeling) begins. "This phase begins with flakes peeling from the face. Peeling from the palms and around the fingers occurs about a week later." Peeling also occurs in axilla, groin, and tips of the fingers and toes

Diagnosis:

The diagnosis of scarlet fever is clinical. Blood tests showed marked leukocytosis with neutrophilia and preserved or increased eosinophils, high sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (both signs of inflammation) and increased antistreptolysin O titers . Blood culture is rarely positive, but the streptococci can usually be detected in throat culture. Complications of scarlet fever, septic complications are due to streptococci in the blood and immune-mediated complications due to an aberrant immune response to propagate. Septic complications are rare today, ear and sinus infections, strep pneumonia, empyema thoracis, meningitis and sepsis, adult, where the condition is called malignant scarlet fever.

Immune complications include acute glomerulonephritis, rheumatic fever and erythema nodosum. Disease or secondary school scarlatinal malignant syndrome of scarlet fever, the fever has renewed, renewed angina, septic complications of ear, nose and throat and kidney infection or rheumatic fever and is seen through the eighteenth day of untreated scarlet fever.

The rash is the most striking sign of scarlet fever. It usually starts like a bad sunburn with tiny bumps and may itch. The rash usually appears first on the neck and face, often leaving a clear zone around the mouth unchanged. It covers the chest and back, then the rest of the body. In the folds of the body, especially around the underarms and elbows, the rash forms classic red streaks (very dark skin, the bands are darker than the rest of the skin). Areas of rash usually turn white (or light brown, dark-skinned, solid lines), when pressed on. On the sixth day of infection, the rash usually disappears, but the affected skin begins to peel. Usually there are other symptoms to confirm the diagnosis of scarlet fever, including a red throat throat, fever greater than or equal to 101 ° F (38.3 C), and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. Scarlet fever may also occur with low-grade fever. The tonsils and back of the throat may be covered with a whitish coating, or appear red, swollen, and dotted with whitish or yellowish pus. In the early stages of infection, the tongue with a whitish or yellowish. Furthermore, an infected person has chills, body aches, nausea, vomiting and anorexia.

When scarlet fever occurs because of a sore throat, fever typically stops within 3 to 5 days and the sore throat goes fast. The rash of scarlet fever usually disappears on the sixth day after sore throat symptoms began, and began to peel (as above). The infection itself is usually cured with a 10-day treatment with antibiotics, but it may take a few weeks for tonsils and swollen glands to return to normality.

In rare cases, scarlet fever from a streptococcal infection of the skin such as impetigo develop. In these cases, the person can not have a sore throat.

Treatment:

In a report latest cnn news reported that Unlike the incidence of diarrhea, treatment and evolution of scarlet fever indistinguishable from those of a sore throat. In the case of penicillin allergy, erythromycin or clindamycin can be used successfully. The patient should no longer take antibiotics for 24 hours infectious. People who were exposed to scarlet fever should be carefully monitored for a week for symptoms, especially when at the age of three young adults. It is very important to test (throat culture) and if positive, looking treatment.A resistant strain of scarlet fever in Hong Kong for at least two deaths in this city - the first of its kind in more a decade. The mutant bacterium is about 60% resistant to antibiotics, said Professor Yuen Kwok-yung, head of the University of Hong Kong Department of Microbiology. This is due to a strain early in the disease, compared showed a 10-30% resistance. This new strain may have spread to neighboring Macao and Mainland China.

Source:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarlet_fever

Apple widening its lead in tablet sale

Hong Kong - If you think buying a tablet PC, which brand visit your mind? Well, when a soft white, backlit Apple logo blown up in your bulb, you are not alone. In fact, a recent consumer survey shows a whopping 85% of consumers think of Cupertino-based company first before all other competitors.

Latest CNN News found in a report that Only 4% of consumers surveyed Samsung introduces Galaxy in hand, according to a survey by ChangeWave Research. Only 2% of purchases was introduced by RIM Playbook other brands.

When comparing operating systems were nearly seven out of 10 tablets from April to June this year, Apple sold iPads, according to IDC, a company based in London, the market research. In percentage terms, this was an increase of 65.7% in the first quarter to 68.3% in the second quarter.

Android has seen its share of the pie in the industry decreasing from 34% to 26.8% during the same period. IDC predicts that room to continue to shrink in the third quarter. Research in Motion, carved out a market share of 4.9% in the second quarter. There is still a long way to grow - or perish. RIM Playbook only began in mid-April. But as new players tried to take on the dominance of Apple, while others have begun to take their products on the shelves.

Latest CNN News repoted that Just last week, Sharp was the last company, an ax to its range of tablets to be taken. The Japanese electronics giant announced plans to produce two of the three tabs holding the Galapagos - the 10.8 inches and 5.5 inches - by the end of the month. You hold the 7-inch, for now.

The wipeout of the Galapagos, critics say, was consumer-Sharp's own operating system that made it more difficult for application developers to create content. And the only line in the Galapagos last December.

CNN contacted to comment on Sharp. PR representative said they plan to make new models in the future, but do not say what and when. Sharp reporting follows a similar announcement from HP in August.The decision is this: the entire production of the tablet touch-pad to stop. Yet in its report last week, IDC forecasts, the tablets would increase to 17.5% of the total PC market in 2011.

Clear that growth is not synonymous with any fair distribution of wealth between the companies. In fact, it seems rather than one type of fruit in the market of the tablet: Apple. A note on competing companies: do not raise the white flag. Is there still room for more competition in the wars of pills and not all Apple.

For hardcore Apple fanatics, there is a "Fandroid" who are willing to take a smug comment in the other direction. If Apple's rivals to give consumers a little more cool, delicious and affordable, more people just might bite.

Source:

http://business.blogs.cnn.com/2011/09/19/apple%E2%80%99s-bite-widens-in-table...

Apple widening its lead in tablet sale

Hong Kong - If you think buying a tablet PC, which brand visit your mind? Well, when a soft white, backlit Apple logo blown up in your bulb, you are not alone. In fact, a recent consumer survey shows a whopping 85% of consumers think of Cupertino-based company first before all other competitors.

Latest CNN News found in a report that Only 4% of consumers surveyed Samsung introduces Galaxy in hand, according to a survey by ChangeWave Research. Only 2% of purchases was introduced by RIM Playbook other brands.

When comparing operating systems were nearly seven out of 10 tablets from April to June this year, Apple sold iPads, according to IDC, a company based in London, the market research. In percentage terms, this was an increase of 65.7% in the first quarter to 68.3% in the second quarter.

Android has seen its share of the pie in the industry decreasing from 34% to 26.8% during the same period. IDC predicts that room to continue to shrink in the third quarter. Research in Motion, carved out a market share of 4.9% in the second quarter. There is still a long way to grow - or perish. RIM Playbook only began in mid-April. But as new players tried to take on the dominance of Apple, while others have begun to take their products on the shelves.

Latest CNN News repoted that Just last week, Sharp was the last company, an ax to its range of tablets to be taken. The Japanese electronics giant announced plans to produce two of the three tabs holding the Galapagos - the 10.8 inches and 5.5 inches - by the end of the month. You hold the 7-inch, for now.

The wipeout of the Galapagos, critics say, was consumer-Sharp's own operating system that made it more difficult for application developers to create content. And the only line in the Galapagos last December.

CNN contacted to comment on Sharp. PR representative said they plan to make new models in the future, but do not say what and when. Sharp reporting follows a similar announcement from HP in August.The decision is this: the entire production of the tablet touch-pad to stop. Yet in its report last week, IDC forecasts, the tablets would increase to 17.5% of the total PC market in 2011.

Clear that growth is not synonymous with any fair distribution of wealth between the companies. In fact, it seems rather than one type of fruit in the market of the tablet: Apple. A note on competing companies: do not raise the white flag. Is there still room for more competition in the wars of pills and not all Apple.

For hardcore Apple fanatics, there is a "Fandroid" who are willing to take a smug comment in the other direction. If Apple's rivals to give consumers a little more cool, delicious and affordable, more people just might bite.

Source:

http://business.blogs.cnn.com/2011/09/19/apple%E2%80%99s-bite-widens-in-table...

Niagara Falls seduces the tourist around the Globe

Niagara Falls are the most powerful waterfall in North America. This large waterfalls on the Niagara River, Lake Erie drains located in Lake Ontario and forms the international border between the Canadian province of Ontario and the U.S. state of New York and forms the southern end of the Niagara Gorge. The falls are 17 miles (27 km) northwest of Buffalo, New York and 75 miles (121 km) south-southeast of Toronto, between the twin cities of Niagara Falls, Ontario and Niagara Falls, New York.

Introduction:

The Horseshoe Falls on the Canadian side and American Falls on the American side of Niagara Falls consist of two major sections separated by Goat Iceland. Veil Falls Bridal small are also located on the American side, separated from the main falls by Luna Island. The international boundary was originally drawn up by the Horseshoe Falls in 1819, but the border has long been in conflict because of natural erosion and construction.

In a report, Latest CNN News repoted that Niagara Falls were formed when glaciers at the end of the Wisconsin glaciation (the last ice age) declined, and lake water formedGreat newly carved a path through the Niagara Escarpment in route to the Atlantic Ocean. While not exceptionally high, Niagara Falls is very wide. More than 6 million cubic feet (168,000 m3) of water falling on the ridge line every minute in high flow and almost 4 million cubic feet (110,000 m3) on average.

Niagara Falls are both for their beauty and as a valuable source of hydroelectric power known. Managing the balance between recreational applications, business and industry is a challenge for administrators of the fall from the 19 century.

Features:

The Horseshoe Falls drop about 173 feet (53 meters), while the height of the American Falls ranges between 70 to 100 m (21-30 m) due to the presence of giant boulders at the base. The Horseshoe Falls are about 2,600 feet (790 m) wide, while the American Falls 1060 feet (320 m) wide. The distance between the end of the American Falls and the eastern tip of Canada 3409 feet (1039 m).

The volume of water approaching the falls during peak flow season, sometimes as much as 202,000 cubic feet (5700 m3) per second. As the flow is a direct function of the survey of Lake Eriewater, it usually peaks in late spring or early summer. During the summer months, 100,000 cubic feet (2800 m3) of water per second through the grave, some 90% above the Horseshoe Falls, while the rest is diverted to hydroelectric facilities. It is using a dam with movable gates upstream from the Horseshoe Falls. The waterfalls continue to flow half at night and during low season in winter, remains a flat 50,000 cubic feet (1400 m3) per second. Diversion of water is regulated by the Treaty of Niagara in 1950 and is administered by the International Narcotics Control Board of Niagara (CMI).

The green color of the water flowing over Niagara Falls by-product of the estimated 60 tons / minute of dissolved salts and "rock flour" (very finely ground rock) is due to the erosive power of the Niagara River generates itself. The current rate of erosion is about 1 foot (0.30 m) per year, against a historical average of 3 feet (0.91 meters) per year. However, estimated that 50,000 years from now, it has also been undermined by erosion of the reduced rate, the remaining 20 miles (32 km) for Lake Erie and falls cease to exist.

History:

Lates CNN News: There are different theories about the origin of the name of the event. According to Iroquoian scholar Bruce Trigger "Niagara" in the name of a branch of the Confederation of locally based indigenous neutral, the so-called "Niagagarega" people on several late 17th Century French maps of the area described is derived. According to George R . Stewart, it comes from the name of a town called Iroquois "Ongniaahra" which means "to cut off the earth in two." Henry Schoolcraft reported:

"This name is Mohawk Niagara Falls is, according to Ms. Kerr, the neck. The first term of the isthmus created or portage between lakes Erie and Ontario Referring to Mr. Elliott vocabulary (Chapter XI), it is Clearly the man's neck, which is, according to the specific vocabulary, your neck is Onyar. Red Jacket Niagara pronounced the word for me in the spring of 1820, are as if written in-o-ne-ga- rah. "

During the 18th century, tourism became popular, and by mid-century it was about the most important industry. Napoleon Bonaparte's brother Jérôme visited with his wife in the early 19th century.In Caroline affair of 1837 during a rebel supply ship, the Caroline, was burned and fell on her. In March 1848, caused by ice blocking the waterfall to stop, no water (or, at best, a net) declined by nearly 40 hours. Waterwheels stopped, close the mills and factories simply down to no power. Later this year, demand passage on the Niagara River to the construction of a footbridge and then Charles Ellet, the Niagara Suspension Bridge. This was stated by John Augustus Roebling Bridge Germany Niagara Falls, replaced the suspension born in 1855th After visiting the American Civil War, when the New York Central Railroad Niagara published as a focus of pleasure and honeymoon . With the increased train traffic in 1886 Leffert Buck replaced Roebling wood and stone bridge with the steel bridge that carries trains mostly still on the Niagara River today. The first steel arch bridge near the falls was completed 1897th Now known as the Whirlpool Rapids Bridge, it carries vehicles, trains and pedestrians between Canada (through Canada Border Control) and the United United just below the falls. In 1912, a large portion of water from American Falls have frozen, but it is still a net, and the fall was in the other two locations.

In 1941, the Niagara Falls Bridge Commission, the third passage being in the immediate vicinity of Niagara Falls with the Rainbow Bridge, both pedestrian and vehicular traffic between the two countries and Canadian and U.S. customs for each country .

After the First World War, tourism is booming again that cars, which is much easier. The history of Niagara Falls in the 20th century is largely that of efforts to use energy power forhydroelectric falling, and the development of both sides that threaten the natural beauty of control.

A team of U. S. Army Corps of Engineers dammed the falls in June 1969 to clear the rocks from the base of the waterfall. Rock fall had a significant development of the rock at the bottom of the page caused the American jurisprudence, and engineers were to prevent the restoration of the rock and repair errors in any erosion of the American side of the waterfall. A temporary dam was built to divert the flow of water on the Canadian side, the dam measured 600 feet (180 m) and was attended by nearly 30,000 tons of rock. The engineers cleared debris and tested for safety and completed the project in November of this year. The temporary dam was dynamited the water flow again.

Before the late 20th century century, the north end of Horseshoe Falls in the United States flows around the rocks Terrapin, which was once connected to Iceland goat with a series of bridges. In 1955, the area between the rock and Iceland goat was filled, which makes point Terrapin. In the early 1980s, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and more land and diversion dams built and filled with retaining walls to force water away from the point of Terrapin. A total of 400 feet (120 m) Horseshoe Falls has been eliminated, including 100 feet (30 m) on the Canadian side. According to the author of ginger beach, Horseshoe Falls is now entirely in Canada. Other sources say "most" Horseshoe Falls in Canada.

Power generation at Niagara:

The enormous energy of Niagara Falls has long been recognized as a potential source of energy. The first known attempt to use water was in 1759 when Daniel Joncaire built a small canal above the waterfall to power his sawmill. Augustus and Peter Porter purchased this area and all of American Falls in 1805 by the government and the State of New York has expanded the original canal to provide hydraulic power for their mill and the tannery. In 1853, the Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power and Mining Company was formed that eventually the channels that were used to generate electricity to be built. In 1881, under the leadership of Jacob Schoellkopf Niagara River was built the first hydroelectric power plant. The water was 86 feet (26 m) and direct current electricity that ran the machinery of local mills and highlights some of the village streets.

The Niagara Falls Power Company, a descendant of Schoellkopf society formed society of cataract Edward Dean Adams leads, with plans to expand the capacity of Niagara Falls. In 1890, a five-member International Commission of Niagara by Sir William Thomson advised to include substantial scientific leadership on the development of hydropower capacity of Niagara on the basis of seventeen proposals but could not choose any As the project best combination for water development and sales. When Nikola Tesla, a memorial later in Niagara Falls, New York, USA was built, the three-phase alternating current power transmission, transfer distance was invented electricity possible, as Westinghouse Tesla and the AC Ames had built a hydroelectric plant and it proved to be effective. In 1893, Westinghouse Electric hired to design a system for generating an alternating current in Niagara Falls and three years later, the first major power system was created August 26, 1895 is on. The Adams Power Plant Transformer Houseremains as a symbol of the original system.

In 1896, with financing from moguls like JP Morgan, John Jacob Astor IV, and Vanderbilt, they had huge underground pipes to the turbines, the increase of 100,000 horsepower (75 MW), built and sent power as far away as Buffalo, 20 miles (32 km). Some original drawings for power transmission plants were of the Swiss Faesch & Piccard, who also created the wheels of the water originally built HP 5000.

Private companies on the Canadian side also began to use the power of the falls. The Government of the Province of Ontario, Canada finally brought the power transmission operations under public control in 1906, distributing Niagara's energy to different parts of the province.

Other hydroelectric plants were built along the Niagara River. But in 1956 disaster struck when the region was the largest hydroelectric power plant partially destroyed in a landslide. Landslides have been drastically jobs and tens of thousands of manufacturing reduced for the game. In 1957, Congress enacted the Niagara redevelopment, including the New York Power Authority granted the right to integral development of the United States, the share of hydropower potential of the Niagara River.

In 1961, when the Niagara Falls hydroelectric project first went on line, it was the largest hydroelectric plant in the western world. Today, Niagara is still the largest electricity producer in the State of New York, with a production capacity of 2.4 gigawatts (million kilowatts). Up to 375,000 U.S. gallons (1420 m3) of water per second from the Niagara River through the pipes under the city of Niagara Falls and Lewiston redirected to the Robert Moses plants. Currently between 50% and 75% of the flow of the Niagara River is diverted by four huge tunnels that arise above the falls. The water then passes through hydroelectric turbines that supply nearby areas of Canada and the United States before returning to the river beyond the falls. The water turns the turbines, power generators, converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. When power demand is low, the Lewiston devices work, so that the water again during the day, when the peak use of electricity used as a pump to transport water from the lower bay again reservoir system. Electricity demand during peak hours, the same Lewiston swapped pumps and generators are in fact similar to the Moses-conditioning.

During the tourist season, water consumption at the plant through a contract with the United States and Canada signed in 1950, limited to preserve this natural spectacle. On average, the Niagara River provides 1.5 million gallons U.S. (5700 m3) of water per second, half of which must flow over the falls during the day from April to October. During other periods of the plant, three fourths of the total amount of water available. In winter, the New York Power Authority is working with Ontario Power Generation for ice on the generation of the Niagara River disrupt or cause to prevent flooding of adjacent properties. One of their joint efforts is 8800 feet (2700 m) long boom, which prevents the accumulation of ice, but water can continue flowing downstream.

Source:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara_Falls

Spy Cams: Technology's smart detectives

Nanny cameras and spy cameras, as the name suggests, are suspicious of spying for the environment created. In the past, these spy cameras was only by the law enforcement, government investigators, intelligence agencies and military installations and so on. Currently Gone are the days with the reduced price of spy cameras, spying on something or something has proven to be very easy indeed. Protect your child from one eye to child abuse by nannies to keep an eye on your employees for your business against theft and to prevent the effectiveness of your employees in these spy cameras help people achieve this goal.

What can you Expect from Modern Spy Cams?:

Latest CNN News reported thatCurrently the cameras spies for espionage have become very weak. In fact, so small that nobody can make it easy to see, or any other means. The spy cameras are now portable and provide excellent back-up battery. A couple of spy cameras have integrated 8 GB or more so (in fact, you have the option to extend up to 32 GB) and therefore proposes 2 to 3 hours or more of recording time depends on a road the life of the battery. Some of the cameras with a minimum of 2 GB of memory, may be extensible. These spy cameras in all shapes and sizes and can be installed almost anywhere.

A couple of spy cameras focused in particular body types and audio recording and the rest could come or not come with sound.The spy cameras are currently in place in wall clocks, alarm clocks, pens, ties, smoke detectors, fire alarm, air fresheners, tissue boxes, key chains car, stuffed animals, hats, mirrors, sunglasses, watches, DVD players are set, bracelets, exit signs and pins and so on. You can safely say that these spy cameras are so small that it can use everyday items to be installed. These devices are inexpensive and more affordable for everyone right now. Images can be downloaded to the PC via the USB port using the data cable provided. There are several online stores, these cameras offer.

Laws Concerning the Spy-Cams:

Latest CNN News found that Despite the fact that the spy cameras to follow the rules of that state / country. Not all states / jurisdictions do not allow the use of spy cameras without the prior written permission by the organization responsible for granting approval. There are several other states / countries, laws that all stakeholders should advance awareness and the presence and operation of spy cameras.

Buy Online Spy Cams:

Currently you can buy spy cameras online stores. However, research on the web for more information on the issue and to compare products, features and customer service. You can find these spy cameras in a much cheaper price to pass through the fierce competition between online retailers. However, you should be informed earlier about the local laws such as the spy camera.  

Source: http://www.isnare.com/?aid=582591&ca=Computers+and+Technology

Spy Cams: Technology's smart detectives

Nanny cameras and spy cameras, as the name suggests, are suspicious of spying for the environment created. In the past, these spy cameras was only by the law enforcement, government investigators, intelligence agencies and military installations and so on. Currently Gone are the days with the reduced price of spy cameras, spying on something or something has proven to be very easy indeed. Protect your child from one eye to child abuse by nannies to keep an eye on your employees for your business against theft and to prevent the effectiveness of your employees in these spy cameras help people achieve this goal.

What can you Expect from Modern Spy Cams?:

Latest CNN News reported thatCurrently the cameras spies for espionage have become very weak. In fact, so small that nobody can make it easy to see, or any other means. The spy cameras are now portable and provide excellent back-up battery. A couple of spy cameras have integrated 8 GB or more so (in fact, you have the option to extend up to 32 GB) and therefore proposes 2 to 3 hours or more of recording time depends on a road the life of the battery. Some of the cameras with a minimum of 2 GB of memory, may be extensible. These spy cameras in all shapes and sizes and can be installed almost anywhere.

A couple of spy cameras focused in particular body types and audio recording and the rest could come or not come with sound.The spy cameras are currently in place in wall clocks, alarm clocks, pens, ties, smoke detectors, fire alarm, air fresheners, tissue boxes, key chains car, stuffed animals, hats, mirrors, sunglasses, watches, DVD players are set, bracelets, exit signs and pins and so on. You can safely say that these spy cameras are so small that it can use everyday items to be installed. These devices are inexpensive and more affordable for everyone right now. Images can be downloaded to the PC via the USB port using the data cable provided. There are several online stores, these cameras offer.

Laws Concerning the Spy-Cams:

Latest CNN News found that Despite the fact that the spy cameras to follow the rules of that state / country. Not all states / jurisdictions do not allow the use of spy cameras without the prior written permission by the organization responsible for granting approval. There are several other states / countries, laws that all stakeholders should advance awareness and the presence and operation of spy cameras.

Buy Online Spy Cams:

Currently you can buy spy cameras online stores. However, research on the web for more information on the issue and to compare products, features and customer service. You can find these spy cameras in a much cheaper price to pass through the fierce competition between online retailers. However, you should be informed earlier about the local laws such as the spy camera.  

Source: http://www.isnare.com/?aid=582591&ca=Computers+and+Technology

U.S Plane crashes in air race

At least 12 people were killed when a plane crashed near airshowin Navada.

A plane crashed into the stands during an event in Reno Air Raceofficial as described in ”a situation of mass casualties.”
According to the American media, 12 people including the pilot of the aircraft in the accident were incident.Video found agruesome scene of bodies and debris on the front of the standskilled.

KRNV-TV broadcast video of the scene that at least four people,the shows carried on stretchers to ambulances. KFI News reporteda medical official said that more than 75 were injured, 25 seriously..

Jeff Martinez, a meteorologist KRNV was just outside the air trafficat the time of the accident. He said he saw an airplane to veer to the right side and then ”is simply screwed directly into the ground.”He said he saw ”her bits and pieces from everywhere.”

The National Championship Air Races attracts thousands of people look forward every year in September at various military and civilian aircraft races.

 

Source: http://www.latestcnnnews.com/u-s-plane-crashes-in-nevada-air-race-12-killed-7...

U.S Plane crashes in air race

At least 12 people were killed when a plane crashed near airshowin Navada.

A plane crashed into the stands during an event in Reno Air Raceofficial as described in ”a situation of mass casualties.”
According to the American media, 12 people including the pilot of the aircraft in the accident were incident.Video found agruesome scene of bodies and debris on the front of the standskilled.

KRNV-TV broadcast video of the scene that at least four people,the shows carried on stretchers to ambulances. KFI News reporteda medical official said that more than 75 were injured, 25 seriously..

Jeff Martinez, a meteorologist KRNV was just outside the air trafficat the time of the accident. He said he saw an airplane to veer to the right side and then ”is simply screwed directly into the ground.”He said he saw ”her bits and pieces from everywhere.”

The National Championship Air Races attracts thousands of people look forward every year in September at various military and civilian aircraft races.

 

Source: http://www.latestcnnnews.com/u-s-plane-crashes-in-nevada-air-race-12-killed-7...

Selena Gomez's 'Justin' tattoo not permanent

While taking the stage in Las Vegas, Gomez got her boyfriend’s name etched inside her wrist.

Selena Gomez had taken some people aback when she showed what looks like a tattoo of the word “Justin” on her right wrist during her concert in Las Vegas. While her romance to pop star Justin Bieber is real, the ink is not.

Gomez s representative has said that the ink is not permanent. It looks like the word “Justin” and the heart below it were made with Magic Marker. Some even reported that by the time she left the stage, it had already begun to smudge.

Although the tattoo is fake, it doesn t mean that the “A Year Without Rain” singer won t get one someday. Several days ago she sported got a large henna tattoo of her nickname “Sels” on her right shoulder. Her boyfriend is also a fan of body art, inking his ribcage last year with an outline of the bird from novel “Jonathan Livingston Seagull”.

 

Sourse: http://www.latestcnnnews.com/gomez-got-her-boyfriends-name-etched-inside-her-...

Selena Gomez's 'Justin' tattoo not permanent

While taking the stage in Las Vegas, Gomez got her boyfriend’s name etched inside her wrist.

Selena Gomez had taken some people aback when she showed what looks like a tattoo of the word “Justin” on her right wrist during her concert in Las Vegas. While her romance to pop star Justin Bieber is real, the ink is not.

Gomez s representative has said that the ink is not permanent. It looks like the word “Justin” and the heart below it were made with Magic Marker. Some even reported that by the time she left the stage, it had already begun to smudge.

Although the tattoo is fake, it doesn t mean that the “A Year Without Rain” singer won t get one someday. Several days ago she sported got a large henna tattoo of her nickname “Sels” on her right shoulder. Her boyfriend is also a fan of body art, inking his ribcage last year with an outline of the bird from novel “Jonathan Livingston Seagull”.

 

Sourse: http://www.latestcnnnews.com/gomez-got-her-boyfriends-name-etched-inside-her-...

Graeme Swann was named captain of England’s squad for two T20s against West Indies

Graeme Swann was named captain of England’s squad for two T20s against West Indies.
With injured captain and vice-captain Stuart Broad and Eoin Morgan currently unavailable, England had been hesitating over who would lead the team at The Oval next week.

 

Both one-day international captain Alastair Cook and regular Tim Bresnan made it clear over the past two days that they would jump at the chance to take over.

 

But Test and ODI opener Cook remains outside the Twenty20 squad, having not featured in the shortest format for almost two years.

 

There is also no Kevin Pietersen in the 14-man list, meaning England will start with a youthful squad which includes two potential debutants in Yorkshire batsman Jonathan Bairstow and Hampshire spinner Danny Briggs.

 

There is a return to Twenty20 for fast bowler James Anderson, inked in for Tests and ODIs – while young Durham leg-spinner Scott Borthwick is the other addition to the squad from the one which beat India by six wickets last month.

 

National Selector Geoff Miller said: “We have once again selected a blend of experienced international performers, along with exciting young players with a great deal of talent.

 

“We have had a successful summer to date and will be looking to continue our form during the Twenty20 series against West Indies and finish the summer with two strong performances.

 

“We have selected 10 of the players who were involved in last month s Twenty20 victory over India, while the injuries to Stuart Broad and Eoin Morgan and the continued period of rest for Kevin Pietersen means we bring four players into the squad.”

 

Off-spinner Swann, who has never captained his country before, will become the fifth man to lead them this summer.

 

Miller added: “Graeme Swann is a highly-respected member of the England side, and his experience and leadership qualities will be invaluable when he leads a young England team next week – a role he is very much looking forward to.”

 

England play the West Indies at The Oval on September 23 and 25.

 

Source: http://www.latestcnnnews.com/swann-named-england-t20s-captain-for-west-indies...

Graeme Swann was named captain of England’s squad for two T20s against West Indies

Graeme Swann was named captain of England’s squad for two T20s against West Indies.
With injured captain and vice-captain Stuart Broad and Eoin Morgan currently unavailable, England had been hesitating over who would lead the team at The Oval next week.

 

Both one-day international captain Alastair Cook and regular Tim Bresnan made it clear over the past two days that they would jump at the chance to take over.

 

But Test and ODI opener Cook remains outside the Twenty20 squad, having not featured in the shortest format for almost two years.

 

There is also no Kevin Pietersen in the 14-man list, meaning England will start with a youthful squad which includes two potential debutants in Yorkshire batsman Jonathan Bairstow and Hampshire spinner Danny Briggs.

 

There is a return to Twenty20 for fast bowler James Anderson, inked in for Tests and ODIs – while young Durham leg-spinner Scott Borthwick is the other addition to the squad from the one which beat India by six wickets last month.

 

National Selector Geoff Miller said: “We have once again selected a blend of experienced international performers, along with exciting young players with a great deal of talent.

 

“We have had a successful summer to date and will be looking to continue our form during the Twenty20 series against West Indies and finish the summer with two strong performances.

 

“We have selected 10 of the players who were involved in last month s Twenty20 victory over India, while the injuries to Stuart Broad and Eoin Morgan and the continued period of rest for Kevin Pietersen means we bring four players into the squad.”

 

Off-spinner Swann, who has never captained his country before, will become the fifth man to lead them this summer.

 

Miller added: “Graeme Swann is a highly-respected member of the England side, and his experience and leadership qualities will be invaluable when he leads a young England team next week – a role he is very much looking forward to.”

 

England play the West Indies at The Oval on September 23 and 25.

 

Source: http://www.latestcnnnews.com/swann-named-england-t20s-captain-for-west-indies...

A car bomb exploded in front of a restaurant in Iraq

A car bomb exploded in front of a restaurant frequented by security officers in a town near Baghdad.

Three attacks, all apparently targeting Iraqi security forces, killed at least 17 people and wounded more than 50 on Wednesday, officials said.

 

In the deadliest attack, 13 people were killed when a car bomb exploded in front of a restaurant frequented by security officers in the town of Medhatiyah, south of Baghdad, according to Babil province deputy governor Sadiq Rasul al-Mohannah.

 

Source: http://www.latestcnnnews.com/car-bomb-blast-in-iraq-17-killed-and-50-wounds.html

 

Safari Parks: A human managed natural homelands of Wildlife

A safari is an overland journey, usually a trip by tourists to Africa. Traditionally, the term is used for a big-game hunt, but today the term often refers to a trip taken not for the purposes of hunting, but to observe and photograph animals and other wildlife.    

History:

In 1836 William Cornwallis Harris led an expedition purely to observe and record wildlife and landscapes by the expedition's members. Harris established the safari style of a not too strenuous rising at first light, an energetic day walking, an afternoon rest then concluding with a formal dinner and telling stories in the evening over drinks and tobacco.

Safari Style:

There is a certain theme or style associated with the word, which includes khaki clothing, belted bush jackets, pith helmets or slouch hats, and animal skin patterns—like leopard's skin. There is also a term of safari chic that followed the film Out of Africa . This not only included clothing but also interior design and architecture.

Modern Safari:

In a report Latest CNN News reported thatSafaris have today diversified considerably from the initial fledgling expeditions of the pioneering European explorers and colonialists. Tourism is becoming an increasingly prevalent economic factor for many Southern African nations, in several regions surpassing traditional industries such as agriculture. Lending to specific conditions such as relative infrastructure or inherent geography countries such as Kenya, Botswana,Zambia, Namibia, Uganda and South Africa advertise locally specialised safari experiences ranging from Guided Safaris, Mobile Safaris, Walking Safaris and Fly-In Safaris to more niche concepts including Elephant Back Safaris, River Safaris, Primate Safaris, Horseback Safaris and even Balloon Safaris.

Kenyan Safari:

South African Safari:

Uganda Safari:

 Botswana Safari:   Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safari

Safari Parks: A human managed natural homelands of Wildlife

A safari is an overland journey, usually a trip by tourists to Africa. Traditionally, the term is used for a big-game hunt, but today the term often refers to a trip taken not for the purposes of hunting, but to observe and photograph animals and other wildlife.    

History:

In 1836 William Cornwallis Harris led an expedition purely to observe and record wildlife and landscapes by the expedition's members. Harris established the safari style of a not too strenuous rising at first light, an energetic day walking, an afternoon rest then concluding with a formal dinner and telling stories in the evening over drinks and tobacco.

Safari Style:

There is a certain theme or style associated with the word, which includes khaki clothing, belted bush jackets, pith helmets or slouch hats, and animal skin patterns—like leopard's skin. There is also a term of safari chic that followed the film Out of Africa . This not only included clothing but also interior design and architecture.

Modern Safari:

In a report Latest CNN News reported thatSafaris have today diversified considerably from the initial fledgling expeditions of the pioneering European explorers and colonialists. Tourism is becoming an increasingly prevalent economic factor for many Southern African nations, in several regions surpassing traditional industries such as agriculture. Lending to specific conditions such as relative infrastructure or inherent geography countries such as Kenya, Botswana,Zambia, Namibia, Uganda and South Africa advertise locally specialised safari experiences ranging from Guided Safaris, Mobile Safaris, Walking Safaris and Fly-In Safaris to more niche concepts including Elephant Back Safaris, River Safaris, Primate Safaris, Horseback Safaris and even Balloon Safaris.

Kenyan Safari:

South African Safari:

Uganda Safari:

 Botswana Safari:   Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safari

Angina is cureable

What is Angina?

Angina pectoris, commonly known as angina, is severe chest pain due to ischemia (a lack of blood, thus a lack of oxygen supply) of the heart muscle, generally due to obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries (the heart's blood vessels). Coronary artery disease, the main cause of angina, is due to atherosclerosis of the cardiac arteries. The term derives from the  Latinangina ("infection of the throat") from the  Greek   ankhone  ("strangling"), and the Latinpectus ("chest"), and can therefore be translated as "a strangling feeling in the chest". Worsening ("crescendo") angina attacks, sudden-onset angina at rest, and angina lasting more than 15 minutes are symptoms of unstable angina (usually grouped with similar conditions as the acute coronary syndrome). As these may herald myocardial infarction (a heart attack), they require urgent medical attention and are generally treated as a presumed heart attack.

Classifications of Angina: Stable Angina: Also known as effort angina, this refers to the more common understanding of angina related to myocardial ischemia. Latest CNN News reported that Typical presentations of stable angina is that of chest discomfort and associated symptoms precipitated by some activity (running, walking, etc.) with minimal or non-existent symptoms at rest. Symptoms typically abate several minutes following cessation of precipitating activities and stops when activity resumes. In this way, stable angina may be thought of as being similar to claudication symptoms.

Unstable Angina:

Unstable angina (UA) (also "crescendo angina;" this is a form of acute coronary syndrome) is defined as angina pectoris that changes or worsens.^[1] It has at least one of these three features:

1. it occurs at rest (or with minimal exertion), usually lasting >10 min;
2. it is severe and of new onset (i.e., within the prior 4–6 weeks); and/or
3. it occurs with a crescendo pattern (i.e., distinctly more severe, prolonged, or frequent than before).

 Microvascular Angina:

Microvascular Angina or Angina Syndrome X is characterized by angina-like chest pain, but have different causes. The cause of Microvascular Angina is unknown, but it appears to be the result of poor function in the tiny blood vessels of the heart, arms and legs.^[7] Since microvascular angina isn't characterized by arterial blockages, it's harder to recognize and diagnose, but its prognosis is excellent.    

Symptoms of Angina:

Most patients with angina complain of chest discomfort rather than actual pain: the discomfort is usually described as a:

• Pressure,
• Heaviness,
• Tightness,
• Squeezing,
• Burning, or
• Choking sensation.

Apart from chest discomfort, anginal pains may also be experienced in the epigastrium (upper central abdomen), back, neck area, jaw, or shoulders.

Risk Factors: Major risk factors for angina include:

• Cigarette Smoking
• High Cholesterol
• High Blood Pressure
• Sedentary Lifestyle
• Family History of premature heart disease
• Age (? 55 years for men, ? 65 for women)
• Diabetes mellitus (DM)
• Dyslipidemia
• Hypertension (HTN)
• Kidney disease (microalbuminuria or GFR<60 mL/min)
• Obesity (BMI ? 30 kg/m2)
• Physical inactivity

 

 

Diagnosis: Suspect angina in people presenting with tight, dull, or heavy chest discomfort which is: 1. Retrosternal or left-sided, radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back. 2. Associated with exertion or emotional stress and relieved within several minutes by rest. 3. Precipitated by cold weather or a meal. Some people present with atypical symptoms, including breathlessness, nausea, or epigastric discomfort or burping. These atypical symptoms are particularly likely in older people, women, and those with diabetes. Angina pain is not usually sharp or stabbing or influenced by respiration. Antacids and simple analgesia do not usually relieve the pain. If chest discomfort (of whatever site) is precipitated by exertion, relieved by rest, and relieved by glyceryl trinitrate, the likelihood of angina is increased. In angina patients who are momentarily not feeling any one chest pain, an electrocardiogram (ECG) is typically normal, unless there have been other cardiac problems in the past. During periods of pain, depression or elevation of the ST segment may be observed. To elicit these changes, an exercise ECG test ("treadmill test") may be performed, during which the patient exercises to their maximum ability before fatigue, breathlessness or, importantly, pain intervenes; if characteristic ECG changes are documented (typically more than 1 mm of flat or downsloping ST depression), the test is considered diagnostic for angina. Even constant monitoring of the blood pressure and the pulse rate can lead us to some conclusion regarding the angina. The exercise test is also useful in looking for other markers of myocardial ischaemia: blood pressure response (or lack thereof, particularly a drop in systolic pressure), dysrhythmia and chronotropic response. Other alternatives to a standard exercise test include a thallium scintigram (in patients who cannot exercise enough for the purposes of the treadmill tests, e.g., due to asthma or arthritis or in whom the ECG is too abnormal at rest) or Stress Echocardiography.

Treatment:

  The most specific medicine to treat angina is nitroglycerin. It is a potent vasodilator that makes more oxygen available to the heart muscle.Beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers act to decrease the heart's workload, and thus its requirement for oxygen. Nitroglycerin should not be given if certain inhibitors such as Viagra, Cialis, or Levitra have been taken by the casualty within the previous 12 hours as the combination of the two could cause a serious drop in blood pressure. Treatments are balloon angioplasty, in which the balloon is inserted at the end of a catheter and inflated to widen the arterial lumen. Stents to maintain the arterial widening are often used at the same time.Coronary bypass surgery involves bypassing constricted arteries with venous grafts. This is much more invasive than angioplasty. Exercise is also a very good long term treatment for the angina (but only particular regimens - gentle and sustained exercise rather than intense short bursts), probably working by complex mechanisms such as improving blood pressure and promoting coronary artery collateralisation. Identifying and treating risk factors for further coronary heart disease is a priority in patients with angina. This means testing for elevated cholesterol and other fats in the blood, diabetes and hypertension (high blood pressure), encouraging stopping smoking and weight optimisation. The calcium channel blocker nifedipine prolongs cardiovascular event- and procedure-free survival in patients with coronary artery disease. New overt heart failures were reduced by 29% compared to placebo; however, the mortality rate difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angina_pectoris 

 

Angina is cureable

What is Angina?

Angina pectoris, commonly known as angina, is severe chest pain due to ischemia (a lack of blood, thus a lack of oxygen supply) of the heart muscle, generally due to obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries (the heart's blood vessels). Coronary artery disease, the main cause of angina, is due to atherosclerosis of the cardiac arteries. The term derives from the  Latinangina ("infection of the throat") from the  Greek   ankhone  ("strangling"), and the Latinpectus ("chest"), and can therefore be translated as "a strangling feeling in the chest". Worsening ("crescendo") angina attacks, sudden-onset angina at rest, and angina lasting more than 15 minutes are symptoms of unstable angina (usually grouped with similar conditions as the acute coronary syndrome). As these may herald myocardial infarction (a heart attack), they require urgent medical attention and are generally treated as a presumed heart attack.

Classifications of Angina: Stable Angina: Also known as effort angina, this refers to the more common understanding of angina related to myocardial ischemia. Latest CNN News reported that Typical presentations of stable angina is that of chest discomfort and associated symptoms precipitated by some activity (running, walking, etc.) with minimal or non-existent symptoms at rest. Symptoms typically abate several minutes following cessation of precipitating activities and stops when activity resumes. In this way, stable angina may be thought of as being similar to claudication symptoms.

Unstable Angina:

Unstable angina (UA) (also "crescendo angina;" this is a form of acute coronary syndrome) is defined as angina pectoris that changes or worsens.^[1] It has at least one of these three features:

1. it occurs at rest (or with minimal exertion), usually lasting >10 min;
2. it is severe and of new onset (i.e., within the prior 4–6 weeks); and/or
3. it occurs with a crescendo pattern (i.e., distinctly more severe, prolonged, or frequent than before).

 Microvascular Angina:

Microvascular Angina or Angina Syndrome X is characterized by angina-like chest pain, but have different causes. The cause of Microvascular Angina is unknown, but it appears to be the result of poor function in the tiny blood vessels of the heart, arms and legs.^[7] Since microvascular angina isn't characterized by arterial blockages, it's harder to recognize and diagnose, but its prognosis is excellent.    

Symptoms of Angina:

Most patients with angina complain of chest discomfort rather than actual pain: the discomfort is usually described as a:

• Pressure,
• Heaviness,
• Tightness,
• Squeezing,
• Burning, or
• Choking sensation.

Apart from chest discomfort, anginal pains may also be experienced in the epigastrium (upper central abdomen), back, neck area, jaw, or shoulders.

Risk Factors: Major risk factors for angina include:

• Cigarette Smoking
• High Cholesterol
• High Blood Pressure
• Sedentary Lifestyle
• Family History of premature heart disease
• Age (? 55 years for men, ? 65 for women)
• Diabetes mellitus (DM)
• Dyslipidemia
• Hypertension (HTN)
• Kidney disease (microalbuminuria or GFR<60 mL/min)
• Obesity (BMI ? 30 kg/m2)
• Physical inactivity

 

 

Diagnosis: Suspect angina in people presenting with tight, dull, or heavy chest discomfort which is: 1. Retrosternal or left-sided, radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back. 2. Associated with exertion or emotional stress and relieved within several minutes by rest. 3. Precipitated by cold weather or a meal. Some people present with atypical symptoms, including breathlessness, nausea, or epigastric discomfort or burping. These atypical symptoms are particularly likely in older people, women, and those with diabetes. Angina pain is not usually sharp or stabbing or influenced by respiration. Antacids and simple analgesia do not usually relieve the pain. If chest discomfort (of whatever site) is precipitated by exertion, relieved by rest, and relieved by glyceryl trinitrate, the likelihood of angina is increased. In angina patients who are momentarily not feeling any one chest pain, an electrocardiogram (ECG) is typically normal, unless there have been other cardiac problems in the past. During periods of pain, depression or elevation of the ST segment may be observed. To elicit these changes, an exercise ECG test ("treadmill test") may be performed, during which the patient exercises to their maximum ability before fatigue, breathlessness or, importantly, pain intervenes; if characteristic ECG changes are documented (typically more than 1 mm of flat or downsloping ST depression), the test is considered diagnostic for angina. Even constant monitoring of the blood pressure and the pulse rate can lead us to some conclusion regarding the angina. The exercise test is also useful in looking for other markers of myocardial ischaemia: blood pressure response (or lack thereof, particularly a drop in systolic pressure), dysrhythmia and chronotropic response. Other alternatives to a standard exercise test include a thallium scintigram (in patients who cannot exercise enough for the purposes of the treadmill tests, e.g., due to asthma or arthritis or in whom the ECG is too abnormal at rest) or Stress Echocardiography.

Treatment:

  The most specific medicine to treat angina is nitroglycerin. It is a potent vasodilator that makes more oxygen available to the heart muscle.Beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers act to decrease the heart's workload, and thus its requirement for oxygen. Nitroglycerin should not be given if certain inhibitors such as Viagra, Cialis, or Levitra have been taken by the casualty within the previous 12 hours as the combination of the two could cause a serious drop in blood pressure. Treatments are balloon angioplasty, in which the balloon is inserted at the end of a catheter and inflated to widen the arterial lumen. Stents to maintain the arterial widening are often used at the same time.Coronary bypass surgery involves bypassing constricted arteries with venous grafts. This is much more invasive than angioplasty. Exercise is also a very good long term treatment for the angina (but only particular regimens - gentle and sustained exercise rather than intense short bursts), probably working by complex mechanisms such as improving blood pressure and promoting coronary artery collateralisation. Identifying and treating risk factors for further coronary heart disease is a priority in patients with angina. This means testing for elevated cholesterol and other fats in the blood, diabetes and hypertension (high blood pressure), encouraging stopping smoking and weight optimisation. The calcium channel blocker nifedipine prolongs cardiovascular event- and procedure-free survival in patients with coronary artery disease. New overt heart failures were reduced by 29% compared to placebo; however, the mortality rate difference between the two groups was statistically insignificant.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angina_pectoris